Multi‐agent based protection scheme using current‐only directional overcurrent relays for looped/meshed distribution systems

The complexity of the design protection system using directional over current relays, for modern power distribution systems has been increased due to looped/meshed operation and penetration distributed generations. Finding a reliable efficient scheme that can be easily implemented in these is major challenge. An solution could use artificial intelligent-based multi-agent systems. This paper proposes novel intelligent based scheme, which makes current-only relays as agents detecting locating faults isolating faulty areas (lines/busbars) All make on-board decisions by exchanging binary data, do not need control centre, so safety against one-point failures cyber-attacks increased. proposed does exchange analogue and, therefore, it prevents high bandwidth communication links. Moreover, free from traditional coordination between relays. on IEEE-14 bus IEEE-30 test with generations several scenarios have simulated evaluate its performance.